Embonini yezokukhiqiza, ikhwalithi yezinto ezisetshenziswayo ibalulekile empumelelweni yomkhiqizo wokugcina. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kufaka uchungechunge lokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa okwenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokwakha zihlangabezana nezincazelo namazinga adingekayo. Le ndatshana izothambisa kakhulu kwinqubo yokuhlola izinto ezahlukahlukene eziluhlaza, kufaka phakathi i-Q195 yensimbi nama-steel angemuva okufana no-201, 304 no-316. Futhi sizohlola ubunzima bokuhlola ubuqotho nokusebenza kwalezi zinto zokwakha.

# # Ukuqonda izinto eziluhlaza

Izinto ezisetshenziswayo yizakhi eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziswa kwinqubo yokukhiqiza. Izinto ezivuthiwe zisukela kwezinsimbi namapulasitiki kuya kuma-composites nama-ceramics. Phakathi kwazo, i-Steel ingenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yamandla ayo, ukuqina kanye nokuguquguquka kwamanye amazwe. Amabanga ahlukene wensimbi, njenge-Q195 namabanga ahlukahlukene wensimbi, anezakhiwo ezithile ezibenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.

I-Q195 yensimbi

I-Q195 iyinsimbi ephansi yekhabhoni evame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezintambo, amapayipi, nezinye izinto ezihlelekile. Kuyaziwa ngokufudumala kwayo okuhle nokwakhiwa, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo ekwakhiweni nasezimbonini zokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Q195 Steel ihlangabezana namazinga adingekayo, kufanele ahlolwe ngokuqinile okulawulwa kwekhwalithi.

### amamaki ensimbi angenasici: 201, 304 no-316

Insimbi engenasici kungenye into ebalulekile embonini embonini yezokukhiqiza, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala, njengokusebenza kwemithi, amakhamishini kanye nezicelo zasolwandle. Amabanga ajwayelekile wensimbi engenasici afaka u-201, 304, no-316, ngalinye linezakhiwo ezihlukile:

- ** Insimbi engenasici ** Akubizi kakhulu kunamanye ama-stacker annow, kepha angeke enze kahle ezindaweni ezilimazayo kakhulu.

- ** 304 Insimbi engenasici ** Isetshenziswa kakhulu emishini yekhishini, ukucubungula kokudla, kanye neziqukathi zamakhemikhali.

- ** 316 Insimbi engenasici **

# # Ukubaluleka kokulawulwa kwekhwalithi

Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezinto zokwenziwa okuluhlaza kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwenziweni zihlangabezana nezincazelo ezidingekayo. Le nqubo ifaka amasheke nezivivinyo eziningana ezibalulekile, kufaka phakathi:

### 1. Bheka umkhawulokudonsa nobukhulu

Ububanzi nobukhulu bezinto ezingavuthiwe yizinto ezibalulekile ezithinta ukusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina. Isibonelo, ngamapuleti ensimbi noma amashidi, ubukhulu kufanele bungaguquguquki ukuqinisekisa amandla afanayo nokuqina. Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kungaholela kumaphoyinti abuthakathaka esakhiweni, esingadala ukwehluleka ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa.

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlola, abakhiqizi basebenzisa ama-calipers kanye nama-micrometers ukukala ngokunembile ubukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo. Ububanzi bebhande buye kulinganiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lihlangabezana nobukhulu obucacisiwe. Noma yikuphi ukungafani kufanele kuxazululwe ngaphambi kokuvunywa kokuqukethwe.

### 2. Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni

Ubulukhuni buyisilinganiso sokumelana nokwenziwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ekuguqukeni nasekugqokeni. Ubulukhuni buyindawo ebalulekile yezinto ezibonakalayo zezicelo ezidinga ukuqina namandla. Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlola ubunzima, ezinjenge-rockell, brinell, kanye nama-vickers, zingasetshenziswa ukuthola ubunzima bezinto ezibonakalayo eziluhlaza.

Isibonelo, i-Q195 yensimbi ingaba bulukhuni ihlolwe ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi ihlangabezana nezincazelo ezidingekayo ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okuhlosiwe. Ngokufanayo, 201, 304 nama-316 amamaki ensimbi angenasici futhi adinga ukuvivinya ukuqina ukuze aqinisekise ukusebenza kwawo kobulukhuni, okuthinta ukusebenza kwawo ezindaweni ezilimazayo.

### 3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tensile

Ukuhlolwa kweTenyele kungenye into ebalulekile yokulawulwa kwekhwalithi engavuthiwe. Lokhu kuhlola kukala amandla nokukhohlisa kwezinto ngokusebenzisa amandla ashubile kuze kube yilapho kuphuka impahla. Imiphumela ihlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile mayelana namandla okuthola isivuno, amandla okugcina, kanye nokugcwala.

Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa okuthe xaxa kwe-Q195 Steel kusiza ukunquma ukufaneleka kwayo izinhlelo zokusebenza zesakhiwo, ngenkathi kuhlolwa amamaki ensimbi angagqwali kungaqinisekisa amandla awo okumelana nezindawo ezahlukahlukene. Imininingwane etholwe ekuhlolweni kwezikebhe ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi lokho okuqukethwe kuzokwenza njengoba kulindeleke kuhlelo oluhlosiwe.

## Ekuphetheni

Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezinto zokwakha eluhlaza kuyinqubo ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ubuqotho kanye nokwenza umkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngokuhlola kahle nezinto ezihlola izinto ezifana ne-Q195 yensimbi nango-201, 304 no-316 i-grade engenacala, abakhiqizi bangabona noma yiziphi izingqinamba ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ihlola i-bandwidth, ubukhulu, ubulukhuni kanye nokwenza izivivinyo ezinzima zonke izinto ezibalulekile zale nqubo. Ekugcineni, uhlelo lokulawula lwekhwalithi oluqinile alugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuthembeka komkhiqizo, kepha futhi luthuthukisa impumelelo ephelele yebhizinisi lokukhiqiza. Njengoba imboni iqhubeka nokuvela, ukubaluleka kokulawulwa kwekhwalithi eluhlaza okotshani kuzohlala kuyitshe legumbi lokukhiqiza ukusebenza kahle.